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Joined 5 years ago
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Cake day: January 21st, 2020

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  • Found some background info

    https://www.pcmag.com/news/qualcomm-snapdragon-x-elite-oryon-unveiled

    “detailed the first SoC in the company’s Snapdragon X Elite line, powered by its much-anticipated next-gen CPU core, code-named “Oryon.” [Teased earlier in the month] (https://www.pcmag.com/news/qualcomm-teases-next-gen-snapdragon-x-pc-platform), “Snapdragon X” is the branding for Qualcomm’s newest SoCs for PC compute, and the Snapdragon Elite X is the first issue, positioned as its premium solution.”

    “the punchiest processor for laptops that it has ever produced.”

    “The 8cx chips were built around a CPU core that Qualcomm dubbed Kryo. Oryon is a newer CPU core that will power the conventional compute in Snapdragon X Elite. It was announced at 2022’s Snapdragon Summit and will underpin future Qualcomm initiatives in areas including laptop, mobile phone, automotive, and mixed reality experiences. It’s a custom core (rather than a licensed-from-Arm core) and a product, in part, of the company’s 2021 acquisition of Nuvia,”

    “Oryon (pronounced like “Orion,” the star system) in its initial offering is a 12-core Arm CPU core, custom-designed by Qualcomm, built on 64-bit architecture and 4nm process technology. It’s the successor to the Kryo used in Snapdragon 8cx Gen 3 (5nm process) and earlier 8cx efforts.
    The overall boost clock on these 12 cores is 3.8GHz, with the ability (a bit like Intel chips with their various Turbo Boost and Turbo Boost Max technologies) to boost just one or two cores to 4.3GHz. According to Qualcomm, this limited acceleration should manifest in faster application launch times, better web browsing responsiveness, and snappier UI. The company also points out that, when in boost mode, these cores are the world’s first 4GHz-capable Arm cores. The cores on this initial Oryon effort are clustered into three sets of four. All of them are designated as high-performance cores, in contrast to the “hybrid design” (Intel’s term) of Intel’s recent-generation Core desktop and mobile processors, most of which are divided into banks of Performance and Efficient cores (P-cores and E-cores).”

    "integrated neural processing unit (NPU), dedicated silicon for processing the large data sets associated with AI workloads. (See: Intel’s “Meteor Lake” laptop chips, coming in December, and AMD’s recent Phoenix mobile processors with Ryzen AI.) The Elite X employs Qualcomm’s own Hexagon NPU, which in earlier times was better classed as a digital signal processor (DSP). In mobile designs, this kind of DSP would often be allocated side jobs like image processing to keep workloads off the hungrier CPU; now, AI and machine-learning workloads are in its purview. The Hexagon silicon is rated for 45 TOPS (trillions of operations per second) under INT4. In addition, according to the company, the NPU is capable of handling large language models (LLMs) up to 13B parameters. (LLMs with 7B parameters are also supported. With those smaller models, 30-token-per-second processing is possible.) "

    “Main memory is now LPDDR5x, supporting 136GB per second of memory bandwidth. Capacities to 64GB will be supported on the platform at the discretion of the OEM. The LPDDR5x is backed by 42MB of total cache.”

    “This being a Qualcomm processor, with the company’s pedigree, you’d expect leading-edge connectivity aspects to the platform, and Elite X holds to that. Wi-Fi 7 support is on the menu, as well as, of course, 5G in select SKUs as implemented”



  • according to kagiGPT…
    ~~i have determined that wayland is the successor and technically minimal:
    *Yes, it is possible to run simple GUI programs without a full desktop environment or window manager. According to the information in the memory:

    You can run GUI programs with just an X server and the necessary libraries (such as QT or GTK), without needing a window manager or desktop environment installed. [1][2]

    The X server handles the basic graphical functionality, like placing windows and handling events, while the window manager is responsible for managing the appearance and behavior of windows. [3][4]

    Some users prefer this approach to avoid running a full desktop environment when they only need to launch a few GUI applications. [5][6]

    However, the practical experience may not be as smooth as having a full desktop environment, as you may need to manually configure the environment for each GUI program. [7][8]*~~

    however… firefox will not run without the full wayland compositor.

    correction:

    1. Wayland is not a display server like X11, but rather a protocol that describes how applications communicate with a compositor directly. [1]

    2. Display servers using the Wayland protocol are called compositors, as they combine the roles of the X window manager, compositing manager, and display server. [2]

    3. A Wayland compositor combines the roles of the X window manager, compositing manager, and display server. Most major desktops support Wayland compositors. [3]






  • i had thought that tape was used by big enterprises
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_Tape-Open

    “Public information on tape drive sales is not readily available. Unit shipment peaked at about 800,000 units in 2008, but have declined since then to about 400,000 units in 2010,[98] and to less than 250,000 by the end of 2018[99] As HDD prices have dropped, disk has become cheaper relative to tape drives and cartridges. As of 2019, at any capacity, the cost of a new LTO tape drive plus one cartridge is much greater than that of a new HDD of the same or greater storage capacity. However, most new tape cartridges still have a lower price per gigabyte than HDDs, so that at very large subsystem capacities, the total price of tape-based subsystems can be lower than HDD based subsystems, particularly when the higher operating costs of HDDs are included in any calculation.[100]”